Page 43 - Canine-Terminology

high, intense, and vigorous prey drive that is followed, if need be,
by an awesome display of gameness. Out at elbow: Elbows loose or turning out from the body.

Old German Shepherd Dog: Is a controversial name for the long- Out at shoulder: Shoulders loosely attached to the body, causing
haired variation of the German Shepherd Dog. Under the Society them to jut out, and increasing width of front.
for the German Shepherd Dog the long-haired variation of the
German Shepherd was not accepted for a long time. This changed Outcrossing: The mating of unrelated individuals of the same
in 2009, and in 2010, the long-haired variation was again accepted. breed.
Before that, Breeders of the long-haired variation of the German
Shepherd had founded their own Kennel Clubs and had called the Oval (spoon shaped) feet: Both centre toes are slightly longer
long-haired hair variation the “Old German Shepherd”. than in cat feet (e.g. Pointer, Welsh Corgi [Pembroke]).

Old Time Farm Shepherd: Is a rare breed of working dog known Oval chest: Chest deeper than wide.
for its versatility and intelligence. Old Time Farm Shepherds
are the descendants of the old working Scotch Collies that were Oval eyes: The most common eye shape. Egg-shaped aperture
common on farms in America in the early twentieth century; as (e.g. Saluki, Schnauzer).
a recognized breed, they were started by J. Richard McDuffie in
1994. They are very people-oriented but distrustful of strangers. Overage Dam: A dam over 12 years of age on the date of mating.

Olde English Bulldogge: Is a recently created American dog Overage Sire: A sire over 12 years of age on the date of mating.
breed. In the 1970s David Leavitt created a true-breeding lineage
as a re-creation of the healthier working bulldog from early Overhang: A heavy or pronounced brow.
nineteenth century England. Using a breeding scheme developed
for cattle, Leavitt crossed English bulldogs, American Bulldogs, Overreaching: Fault in the trot caused by more angulation and
American Pit Bull Terriers and Bull Mastiffs. The result was an drive from behind than in front so that the rear feet are forced to
athletic breed that looks similar to the bulldogs of 1820 but also step to one side of the forefeet to avoid interfering or clipping.
has a friendly temperament.
Overshot bite: The upper front teeth overlap and do not touch the
Omnivore: A person or animal that feeds on both animal and lower front teeth when the mouth is closed. Usually a fault.
vegetable substances

On-dog identification: A system of tagging, tattooing, or
microchipping used to uniquely identify a dog. P

Open couplings: Long loins and flanks insufficiently well-muscled
(e.g. listed as undesirable in the Retriever [Flat Coated]). Pace: A lateral gait that tends to promote a rolling motion of the
body. The left foreleg and left hind leg advance in unison, then the
Operant conditioning: Increase or decrease in certain behaviors right foreleg and right hind leg.
based on the associated consequences of the behavior.
Pachón Navarro: is a Spanish hunting dog which has the unusual
Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA): Organization, feature of a split or double nose. It was believed that this unusual
established in 1966, that developed and maintains a registry of hip nose gives it extra sensitivity to smells, a primary reason it was
dysplasia in dogs. Dogs with OFA numbers are rated and certified chosen as a hunting dog. Today it is known that this feature is only
free of canine hip dysplasia. This rating applies for the life of a cosmetic difference.
the dog. In order to have OFA on AKC records, a dog must have
permanent ID. Pacing: Movement where fore and hind legs on the same side
move in parallel. Some breeds typically pace at slow speeds (e.g.
Otter tail: Very thick towards base, gradually tapering towards Pyrenean Mountain Dog, Spaniel (English Springer)). Many
rounded tip, medium length, free from feathering, but clothed breeds pace slowly as an energy conserving measure.
thickly all round with short, dense coat giving a rounded appearance
(e.g. Retriever [Labrador]). Pack: Multiple hounds cast at one time.

Otterhound: Is an old British dog breed and a scent hound. The Paddling: A gaiting fault, so named for its similarity to the swing
otter is one of the largest and most intelligent carnivorous mammals and dip of a canoeists paddle. Pinching in at the elbows and
in Europe. To be equal to the otter, an Otterhound was said to shoulder joints causes the front legs to swing forward on a stiff
need “a Bulldog’s courage, a Newfoundland’s strength in water, a outward arc. Also called tied at the elbows.
Pointer’s nose, a Retriever’s sagacity, the stamina of a Foxhound,
the patience of a Beagle, and the intelligence of a Collie.” Pads: Tough, shock-absorbing projections on the underside of the

TERMINOLOGY. CAININE. 43