Page 60 - Canine-Diseases

amyloid deposited, and the reaction of the organ to the amyloid of blindness or reduced vision. In some cases, the dog’s iris may
deposition. Symptoms include unusual thirst, frequent urination, stay dilated and will not adjust properly when exposed to light. If
dehydration, anorexia, weight loss, vomiting, labored breathing, both retinas are detached, it is most likely a sign of a more serious
ascites (fluid accumulation in abdomen), edema of limbs and face, underlying medical condition. Dogs with a detached retina may
and fever. It is an inherited trait for some breeds such as Chinese show signs of vision loss or even blindness. Retinal detachment
Shar Peis, but has also been found in Beagles, Collies, and Walker is reported in dogs of all breeds but is known to be an inherited
Hounds. condition in the following breeds: English Springer Spaniels,
Bedlington Terriers, American Cocker Spaniels, Miniature
Renal dysplasia: Is a disease in which development of the Schnauzers, Samoyeds, Labrador Retrievers, Border Collies, and
kidney tissue is abnormal. This condition can affect the canine Shih Tzus.
unilaterally or bilaterally, for animals affected bilaterally the
prognosis is often grave, with death occurring soon after birth. Retinal dysplasia: Is abnormal development and growth of the
For dog’s who have been affected unilaterally the prognosis is retina resulting in retinal folds, rosettes and sometimes retinal
also poor, with treatment aimed at managing the subsequent detachment. It is usually a non-progressive disease and can be
renal failure and providing the best quality of life as possible. caused by viral infections (canine adenovirus, herpesvirus, and
Symptoms include polyuria (large volume of urine), polydipsia parvovirus), drugs, intrauterine trauma, vitamin A deficiency, or
(excessive water intake), hematuria (blood in the urine), anemia, genetics. Retinal dysplasia is characterized by folds or rosettes
anorexia, stunted growth, body wasting, poor wound healing, (round clumps) of the retinal tissue. It occurs in numerous breeds,
pale mucous membranes (pallor), poor hair coat, poor body such as the American Cocker Spaniels, Labrador Retrievers,
condition, weakness, lethargy, depression, vomiting, diarrhea, German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, Pembroke Welsh Corgi,
oral ulceration, and halitosis. Renal dysplasia is a defect that has English Springer Spaniels, Akitas, Rottweilers, Samoyeds,
been reported in many breeds including the Chow Chows, Alaskan Australian Shepherds, Beagles, Old English Sheepdogs, Sealyham
Malamutes, Bedlington Terriers, Cocker Spaniels, Doberman Terriers, Yorkshire Terriers, and Bedlington Terriers.
Pinschers, Golden Retrievers, Keeshonds, Lhasa Apsos, Miniature
Schnauzers, Norwegian Elkhounds, Samoyeds, Shih Tzus, Soft Retinal hemorrhage: Is a focal or generalized area of bleeding
Coated Wheaten Terriers, and Standard Poodles. into part or all of the retina, which is the innermost covering of the
eyeball, containing nerve elements for receiving and transmitting
Renal failure: Is common in dogs and may be found in acute visual stimuli. This can be caused by disorders including
or chronic forms. It is defined by a loss of function of about 75 physical trauma, high blood pressure, diabetes, and congenital
percent of the filtration system of the kidney and characterized by predisposition. In addition, retinal hemorrhage is listed as a possible
azotemia (high levels of nitrogen-containing compounds such as symptom or complication in a number of disorders, including
urea and creatinine), and low specific gravity of the urine. Acute blastomycosis, choking injuries, Cushing’s disease, decreased
renal failure can be caused by loss of blood supply, hypercalcemia, vitamin K levels, hemophilia, high blood pressure, hyperviscosity
or toxins such as ethylene glycol (antifreeze) or aminoglycoside syndrome, leukemia, liver disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever,
antibiotics. Chronic renal failure can be congenital and/or inherited septicemia, increased levels of thyroid hormones, surgery in or
or caused by cancer, infection, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, around the eye Tumors. Symptoms include acute or progressive
amyloidosis, progressive interstitial fibrosis, or any of the causes vision loss, asymmetrical pupil size, bleeding in other body part,
of acute renal failure. Symptoms may include vomiting, lethargy, blood in urine, whitish-appearing pupil, dilated pupils, enlarged
diarrhea, constipation, depression, weight loss, increased thirst, eyes, greenish, shiny reflection of the eye, ocular discharge
anorexia, acute blindness, seizures, hematuria (blood in the urine), and red eyes. Dogs predisposed to retinal hemorrhage include
and polyuria (large volume of urine). Breeds that are prone to American Cocker Spaniels, Bedlington Terriers, English Springer
chronic renal failure include Samoyeds, Bull Terriers, Cairn Spaniels, Miniature Schnauzers, Australian Shepherds, Border
Terriers, German Shepherds, and English Cocker Spaniels. Collies, Collies, Lancashire Heelers, Nova Scotia Duck Tolling
Retrievers, Labrador Retrievers, Shetland Sheepdogs, Bassett
Renal neoplasia: Is cancer located in the kidney, and it can Hounds, Beagles, Chow Chows, Cocker Spaniels, Dalmatians
originate in the kidney (primary) or spread or metastasize to the Poodles, Siberian Huskies, and Terrier breeds.
kidney from another site (secondary). Although renal carcinoma
in the dog is relatively rare it is the commonest primary neoplasm Retrobulbar abscess: The retrobulbar space is the area just
of the kidney. Most renal tumors are seen in middle aged to behind the eye. Although uncommon, an abscess or pocket of
older dogs. Early in the illness, many individuals do not show infection/pus can develop behind the eye, which is referred to
any clinical signs. However, later signs include weight loss, as a retrobulbar abscess. Causes of retrobulbar abscess include
depression, anorexia, lethargy, hematuria (blood in the urine), Infections of the sinus cavities and in the gums can travel to the
abdominal distension, anemia, polydipsia (excessive thirst or eye and cause abscesses; Abscesses caused by foreign objects
excess drinking), and polyuria (large volume of urine). such as a splinter or other types of dry, pointed plant material and
these fragments of wood or dried bits of plant material can get
Retinal detachment: Is caused in dogs by genetic disorders such caught in the back teeth, then migrate to the orbital socket, where
as retinal dysplasia or Collie eye anomaly, trauma, inflammation it lodges; and infections can also be introduced to the retrobulbar
or cancer. Dogs experiencing a detached retina may show signs area through penetrating trauma through the roof of the mouth.

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