Page 63 - Canine-Diseases

wart-like lesion which may appear greasy, pigmented or ulcerated. surrounding lymph nodes in the body and other organs. Sertoli cell
Most common on the limbs, trunk and eyelids of smaller breeds tumor is associated with cryptorchidism with 60% of documented
such as Poodles, Beagles and Dachshunds. Sebaceous epithelioma cancer cases.
is the next most common and of similar appearance to nodular
sebaceous hyperplasia. Most commonly seen on the head or Shar Pei fever: Also called swollen hock syndrome, Shar Pei
eyelids of long-coated breeds such as Alaskan Malamutes, Irish auto-inflammatory disease or familial Shar Pei fever syndrome,
Setters, Shih Tzus or Lhasa Apsos. Sebaceous adenomas are less is a condition seen in Chinese Shar Pei dogs, characterized by
common, appear similar to the more common sebaceous tumours recurring fever and swelling of the hocks. Fevers typically last 12
and tend to occur on the eyelids and limbs. Sebaceous carcinomas to 36 hours and can go as high as 107ºF. The muzzle may also
are the least common, they are more nodular in appearance and swell and become painful and sometimes there is some associated
often ulcerated. Lesions are most frequent on the head and limbs. nausea or diarrhea. Shar Pei fever can result in renal and liver failure
through accumulation of amyloid in those organs (amyloidosis).
Seborrhoea: Is a skin disorder in which the sebaceous glands Symptoms include fever (for up to 12-36 hours), anorexia, lethargy,
of the skin produce an excessive amount of sebum. Seborrhea dehydration, swollen hocks, joint and abdominal pain, reluctance
or seborrheic dermatitis is characterised by a keratinisation to move, hunched posture, and tachypnea (rapid breathing).
abnormality resulting in scale formation, greasiness of the skin
and coat, and occasionally secondary inflammation. Clinical Sick sinus syndrome: Is a cardiac condition of unknown cause
features may vary from dandruff to greasy scales and crusts which that affects the heart rate and rhythm of dogs. It is characterized
accompany inflammation. Seborrhoea sicca (dry seborrhoea) is by sinoatrial node dysfunction and often includes atrioventricular
a dry scaly seborrheic dermatitis where the dogs have dry, flaky node disease and bundle branch block. A low heart rate is the most
patches of skin. Seborrhea oleosa (oily seborrhoea) is a moist, oily common finding, but some dogs will be diagnosed only after they
seborrhoea with exudative crust formation. The skin has a strong have collapsed or fainted (known as a syncopal episode) or had a
rancid odour, excessively greasy skin, and commonly develop seizure. Episodic weakness is also commonly associated with sick
concurrent ear infection. Seborrhoea may be a primary condition sinus syndrome. Sudden death is always a risk with these patients.
(e.g. a congenital disorder called ‘dirty puppy syndrome’) or Sick sinus syndrome is most commonly seen in female Miniature
secondary to inflammatory skin conditions, endocrine disorders, Schnauzers. Other breeds that have been identified with sick sinus
nutritional deficiencies, or environmental factors such as excessive syndrome include Dachshunds, Cocker Spaniels, West Highland
bathing. Most dogs with seborrheic dermatitis have a combination White Terriers, and Pugs.
of dry and oily seborrhea. The breeds most commonly afflicted
with inherited seborrhea include West Highland White Terriers, Skin fold dermatitis: Also known as intertrigo, a surface bacterial
American Cocker Spaniels, English Springer Spaniels, Basset skin infection resulting from skin trauma due to frictional rubbing
Hounds, Dachshunds, Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, of one skin fold against another. Increased humidity between
German Shepherds, Dobermans Pinschers, Irish Setters, and Shar- skin folds may also predispose to infection. Fold dermatitis is
Peis. commonly found in dogs with excess, wrinkly skin. Forms of
skin fold dermatitis include lip fold, facial fold, vulval fold, tail
Seminoma: Is a unilateral, single, often benign tumor of the fold, and body fold. Dog breeds that are more susceptible to skin
testis. However, malignant forms of the tumor have been fold dermatitis include Basset Hounds, Bloodhounds, English
reported in rare cases. Seminoma are made up of an overgrowth Bulldogs, Pekingese, Pugs, Saint Bernards, Shar Peis, Shih-Tzus,
of cells from the spermatic germinal epithelium. The spermatic and Spaniels.
germinal epithelium is the innermost layer of the testicle where
spermatocytes are produced. It is the second most common tumor Skin scraping: A diagnostic procedure for sampling the skin
of the testis and account for 4-7% of all tumors in male dogs. surface, epidermis and upper dermis. Both deep and superficial
Seminomas are bilateral in 18% dogs and 34% of seminomas skin scrapings may be used. Deep skin scrapings are required for
are found in cryptorchid testicles. Causes of seminoma in dogs identification of Demodex mites.
include advanced age, exposure to chemicals, infection, radiation Skin tags: Are a type of growth comprised of fibrous tissue that
exposure, and cryptorchidism (undescended testicles). Symptoms can appear as a solitary skin tag or a number of them on their face,
include hematuria (blood in urine), enlarged scrotum, infertility, torso, legs, back, armpits and other areas. While some skin tags
spermatic cord torsion, swelling of either or both testicles, penile are considered to be benign cancers, termed fibromas, most are
atrophy, testicular atrophy, changes in prostate size, and mammary deemed non-cancerous, and can be referred to by several names.
enlargement. Dog breeds predisposed to seminoma include These include acrochordons, fibrovascular papillomas, collagenous
Siberian Huskies, Norwegian Elkhounds, Fox Terriers, Afghan hamartoma, hyperplastic or hypertrophic scar, and fibroepithelial
Hounds, and Shetland Sheepdogs.
polyp. Skin tags are mainly of two types: 1. Hairless lumps of
Sertoli cell tumor: Is a tumor in the testicles that involves the flesh on lower limbs (fibroadnexal hamartomas or collagenous
specific cells called Sertoli cells which are “nurse” cells of the hamartomas); and 2. Multiple growths that appear flattened and
testicles that is part of a seminiferous tubule and helps in the have hair growing out of them (follicular hamartomas). Overactive
production of sperm and formation of testicles. Typically, up to 14% fibroblasts, cells that promote the production of fibers and collagen
of sertoli cell tumors in dogs are malignant and will metastasize to required by the connective tissues, can cause an overproduction of
fibrous tissue, giving rise to masses on or near the skin. Certain

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