Page 29 - Canine-Diseases

of the pore or the follicle, mechanical or “pressure point” damage, Foreign body: Is an object foreign to the body that becomes lodged
sun radiation damage or follicular inactivity as in Xoloitzcuintli in the gastrointestinal tract. Dogs are susceptible to gastrointestinal
(Mexican hairless) and Chinese Crested Dogs. In Schnauzers and obstruction due to their ability to swallow relatively large objects
Yorkshire Terriers there is an inherited predisposition to cysts. and pass them through the esophagus. Foreign bodies most
commonly become lodged in the stomach because of the inability
Follicular dysplasia: Is a genetic disease of dogs causing alopecia. to pass through the pyloric sphincter, and in the jejunum. These
Also called canine recurrent flank alopecia, cyclic flank alopecia, items may be strings, a pet’s or child’s toy, leashes, clothing,
color dilution alopecia, blue Doberman syndrome, and black hair sticks, or any other item that fails to pass, including human food
follicular dysplasia, is a general term for a non-inflammatory products such as bones or trash. Some ingested items, such as
condition that involves abnormal development of hair follicles. older pennies or lead material, can cause systemic toxicities while
Irish Water Spaniels, Red, Blue and Black Doberman Pinschers, others may cause regional damage to the intestinal tract itself
Chesapeake Bay Retrievers, Portuguese Water Dogs, Papillons, due to compression or obstruction. Symptoms include vomiting,
Bearded Collie, Boxers, Airedale Terriers, Basset Hounds, diarrhea, abdominal tenderness or pain, lack of appetite, straining
American Cocker Spaniels, Beagles, Dachshunds, Gordon Setters, to defecate, constipation, lethargy, and behavioral changes such as
Saluki, Schipperke, Siberian Husky, Alaskan Malamutes, Chow biting or growling when picked up.
Chows, Great Danes, German Shepherd Dogs, Newfoundland,
Boston Terriers, Staffordshire Terriers, Curly-coated Retriverers, Fungal skin diseases (mycoses): A group of skin diseases caused
English Springer Spaniels, Rottweilers, German Shorthaired and by either yeasts or moulds. Yeast dermatitis is a fairly common
Wirehaired Pointers, Jack Russell Terriers, Large Munsterlanders, inflammatory skin condition in pets. The condition is caused by
and English Bulldogs are predisposed to developing follicular overgrowth of the Malassezia species of yeast, which are normal
dysplasia. Certain breeds, such as the Xoloitzcuintli (Mexican inhabitants of the skin, ears, and mucocutaneous areas. High
hairless) and Chinese Crested Dog, are bred specifically for humidity and temperature may increase the frequency of the cases.
alopecia. The infections occur when the yeast reproduces uncontrollably,
overpopulating and invading the areas where it normally resides.
Folliculitis Is a term that refers to the inflammation of one or more Concurrent bacterial skin infection also may cause an increased risk
hair follicles, generally due to infection (bacterial folliculitis). May for yeast overgrowth. Symptoms of yeast infection may include
be superficial or spread deeper into the follicle (deep pyoderma). intense itchiness, skin irritation, and inflammation, especially
If the follicle ruptures, the lesion is called furunculosis. Systemic around the ears, between the paw pads and digits, and on the nasal
diseases that can lead to bacterial folliculitis include endocrine folds, anal area, armpits, and neck. Skin redness, sores, and sticky
disorders such as hypothyroidism and Cushing’s disease, and discharge are often secondary to yeast overgrowth. Greasy coat
disorders of the immune system. Skin disorders causing bacterial and/or hair loss is also frequently seen, as well as foul-smelling,
folliculitis in dogs include: canine acne, acral lick granuloma, skin rancid skin. When occurring in the ears, yeast infections may lead
fold pyoderma, interdigital pododermatitis (interdigital cysts), to yellowish green, musty smelling discharge. Some breeds of
idiopathic furunculosis of German Shepherd Dogs, pyotraumatic dogs predisposed to yeast include West Highland White Terriers,
folliculitis, and callus dermatitis. The most common symptoms Poodles, Basset Hounds, Cocker Spaniels, and German Shepherds.
are swelling, redness, itching, pustules and hair loss. Other fungal infections include nasal aspergillosis, blastomycosis,
cryptococcosis, and ringworm.
Food allergy: Food allergy (or canine food hypersensitivity) is
an adverse food reaction caused by hypersensitivity to allergens Furunculosis: Boils, also known as furuncle or furunculosis, is a
within the diet. Food allergy may manifest as atopic dermatitis skin infection that forms deep under skin. It is characterized by the
in some dogs. Food allergy may also present as gastrointestinal presence of boils that recur. The condition is caused by infection
signs such as vomiting, diarrhoea, flatulence or borborygmus (a that affects the hair follicles and causes small abscesses under the
rumbling or gurgling noise). The most common allergens are beef, skin that are filled with pus. Dogs can get this infection under their
dairy, wheat, egg, chicken, lamb, soy, pork, rabbit, and fish. An chin, in the groin and anal areas and in between the toes. The latter
elimination diet trial is the only way to diagnose a food allergy in is known as interdigital furunculosis and is characterized by the
a dog or cat. presence of painful nodule lesions in the interdigital webs of the
affected animal’s paws. Boils in the groin and anal areas are known
Footpad Injuries: The footpad is considered as the specialized as anal furunculosis. It is generally caused by bacterial, fungal or
and toughest part of the animal’s skin. This specialized part of the parasitic infections. Common causes for furunculosis include lack
body protect bones and joints from the shock incurred by running of proper hygiene, poor quality diet, thyroid disorders, bacterial and
and walking. They also insulate the foot from extreme weather parasitic infection, reduced immune system, chronic constipation,
(hot and cold) and aid navigation of uneven or rough terrain. Due stress, and diabetes mellitus. Symptoms of furunculosis include
to the location and function of footpads, they are often injured pain, inflammation of the affected area, boils that are filled with
and it does not heal in the same way as normal skin. The common pus, lameness in the affected leg, excessive licking of the affected
clinical signs are limping, licking at the foot, refusal to walk, and area, straining while defecation, and altered position of the tail.
bleeding. Types of footpad injuries include laceration, abrasion,
burns, frostbite, allergic reaction, and infection or parasitic
infestation.

29 Alphavetscience.com